% Alessio Sacco
% 2/16/22
%Basic input and output and text representation

%Text data
words = 'Good morning!';
disp(words);

%Get numeric values of characters
% ASCII
asNumber = double(words);
disp(asNumber);

%Get characters from numeric values
asChars = char(asNumber);
disp(asChars);

sort(words);

%Build strings just from numbers
SLU = [83 76 85];
char(SLU)

%%
%Anything we can do with numbers, we can do
%with characters
aChar = 'a';

char(aChar - 5)
char(aChar + 5)

%%
%Converting numbers to strings
stringWithNum = '83';
num = str2num(stringWithNum);

%integer
x = 83;
str = int2str(x);

% float
pi
str = num2str(pi);
str = num2str(pi,9);

%This is an error- returns []
%str2num( 'forty-five' )

%%
%Formatted output with fprintf()

low = 1;
high = 10;


% ask the user to write a value between low and high
%Clunky way:
disp('Write a value between');
disp(low);
disp(' and ');
disp(high);

%%
%Elegant solution:

low = 1;
high = 20;

%fprintf
% recommended
fprintf('Write a value between %d and %d\n',low, high);
% not recommended
disp('Write a value between 1 and 20');

% integers -> %d
% floating-point -> %f
% character string -> %s

%
firstName = 'Alessio';
lastName = 'Sacco';
fprintf('My name is %s %s\n', firstName, lastName);

fprintf('The value of pi is: %.2f\n', pi);

%For homework 4:

year = 2008
month = 5
day = 29

value = 20

fprintf('The stock had value %d on %d/%d/%d\n', value, year, month, day);


%%
% read this number
x = input('Pick a number','s');